Sustainable Building Sourcebook
Chapter: Materials
 
Cabinets
 

CSI Numbers: 06220 Millwork

 
Introduction:
 

Interior storage cabinets are usually made of hardwood plywood, laminated or painted particle board, or medium density fiberboard. Face frames, edge trim, and drawer and door fronts may be made of these same materials or can be made of domestic hard, soft woods, or tropical hardwoods. This section discusses the structural materials and adhesives used in cabinet making.

Also see the Green Building Factsheets for introductions to this and other green building topics.

 
At-A-Glance Notes:
 

Technology:

Well-developed for solid wood cabinetry. Formaldehyde-free materials are readily available.

 

Suppliers:

Kitchen cabinet suppliers and architectural mill shops supply solid cabinetry. Formaldehyde-free cabinet material is available in the area but must be made into custom-built cabinets.

 

Cost:

Costs for solid cabinetry exceed conventional cabinet costs in varying amounts according to wood type.

 

Public Acceptance:

Solid wood cabinets can be considered a "healthy home" issue and have broad-based appeal. Solid wood cabinets are highly valued for their quality and aesthetic appeal.

 

Regulatory:

None.

 
Considerations:
 

Most conventional cabinets are made of hardwood plywood, laminated or painted particle board or medium density fiberboard, all of which may off gas formaldehyde and other noxious or toxic gasses. All hardwood plywood and particle board and most medium density fiberboard is manufactured using urea formaldehyde glue. Urea formaldehyde adhesives will off gas formaldehyde. The lamination process for attaching a wood grain or other veneer to particle board or medium density fiberboard may (usually) involve the use of solvent based adhesives. These solvent-based adhesives may off gas toluene, benzene or other VOCs.

To reduce VOC off gassing, cabinet materials that do not contain urea formaldehyde adhesives should be specified when purchasing custom made cabinets. There are several medium density fiberboard products available that are not made with urea formaldehyde adhesives. The best known of these is Medite II. Non-solvent based adhesives can also be specified when the cabinet materials will be laminated. These non-solvent based adhesives are as effective as their solvent based counterparts and are also comparable in cost.

When off-the-shelf cabinets must be purchased all interior and exterior surfaces, especially unfinished edges, must be sealed with a water borne, non-off gassing sealer such as a water-borne polyurethane.

When specifying wood species for veneers, solid wood trim and door and drawer fronts, domestic hardwoods or certified, sustainably harvested tropical hardwoods are the most environmentally sound choices. Veneer grade domestic softwoods are often harvested from old growth timber, and non-certified tropical hardwoods are too often harvested in a manner that is devastating to the forest.

 
Guidelines:
 

Standard practices apply to installing solid cabinetry.

Medium density fiberboard without urea formaldehyde can be used as part of the cabinets to help offset high costs of solid lumber.

If sealing particle board or other urea formaldehyde-containing components, be certain to cover all surfaces. This is best done before the cabinets are installed. No-VOC sealers are available and should be preferred (See Paints and Primers).

 
Resources:
 

Professional Assistance:

Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/

The House Doctors/Environmental Health Services
Marilee Nelson
PO Box 525
Hunt, TX 78024
(512) 288-2369
Working with chemically sensitive and chronically ill to create a safe home. Certified Bau-Biologist.

Clint Good
Box 143
Lincoln, VA 22078
(703) 478-1352

Healthy House Institute
430 North Sewell
Bloomington, IN 47408
(812) 332-5073
www.hhinst.com

Components/Materials/Systems:

See "Kitchen Cabinets & Equipment - Household," "Cabinet Makers," "Cabinets" in Yellow Pages

Austin Hardwoods, Inc.
2119 Goodrich Ave.
Austin, TX 78704
(512) 442-4001
Hardwood

Avonite Surfaces
With 40% reclaimed content available
Aristech Acrylics
7350 Empire Drive
Florence, KY 41042
Tony Brooks
(405) 833-8937
tbrooks@aristechacrylics.com
www.avonitesurfaces.com

Fine Lumber and Plywood
9407 Brown Ln.
Austin, TX 78754
(512) 836-8990
www.austin.citysearch.com/E/V/AUSTX/0002/43/62
Medex formaldehyde free MDF, hardwood

Frank Paxton Lumber Co.
600 S. Industrial Dr., Ste. 100
Austin, TX 78745
(512) 443-0777,
www.paxton-woodsource.com
Medex formaldehyde free MDF, hardwood

Sierra Pine Ltd., Medite Division
P O Box 4040
Medford, OR 97501-1670
(541) 773-2522
www.sierrapine.com
Medex formaldehyde free MDF

Texas Woods Incorporated
1192 HWY 304
Bastrop, TX 78602
(800) 687-1779
www.texaswoods.com
Texas hardwoods and others